📚 LEARN ENGLISH
English Grammar
Clear, simple grammar rules with examples and mini-practice exercises.
No complicated jargon — just easy English.
1. Nouns – Names of People, Places & Things
A noun is a word that names a person, place, animal, thing, or idea. It is the building block of almost every sentence.
📌 Rule: Every sentence needs a noun (the subject doing the action).
Examples:
➔ My brother is a doctor. (brother = person)
➔ London is a beautiful city. (London = place)
➔ I bought a new laptop. (laptop = thing)
✏️ Mini Practice
Find the noun: “The cat sat on the mat.”
✅ Answer: cat, mat (both are nouns)
2. Articles – A, An, The
Articles tell us whether a noun is specific or general. English has two types: definite (the) and indefinite (a / an).
📌 Rule: Use “a” before consonant sounds, “an” before vowel sounds, and “the” for specific things.
Examples:
➔ I saw a movie yesterday. (Any movie)
➔ She ate an orange for breakfast. (Vowel sound)
➔ The sun is very bright today. (A specific, unique thing)
✏️ Mini Practice
Fill in: “I want to buy _ umbrella because it is raining.”
✅ Answer: an umbrella
3. Pronouns – Words that Replace Nouns
Pronouns are short words like he, she, it, or they. We use them so we don’t have to repeat the same name over and over.
📌 Rule: A pronoun must always refer back to a specific noun.
Examples:
➔ He is my best friend. (Instead of saying “John”)
➔ The car is fast, but it is very old. (Instead of saying “the car”)
➔ They are playing cricket. (Instead of listing all the names)
✏️ Mini Practice
Replace the bold noun: “Mary is happy because Mary won the race.”
✅ Answer: she (Mary is happy because she won the race.)
4. Verbs – Action Words or States of Being
Verbs are “doing” words. They tell us what the subject is doing or how it is existing (like is, am, are).
📌 Rule: You cannot have a complete sentence without at least one verb.
Examples:
➔ The children run in the park. (Action)
➔ I am a student. (State of being)
➔ She likes chocolate ice cream. (Feeling/State)
✏️ Mini Practice
Find the verb: “The bird sings a lovely song.”
✅ Answer: sings
5. Adjectives – Words that Describe Nouns
Adjectives add detail. They tell us about the color, size, shape, or quality of a noun.
📌 Rule: Adjectives usually come right before the noun they describe.
Examples:
➔ He has a red car. (Color)
➔ That is a huge building. (Size)
➔ The water is cold. (Quality/Condition)
✏️ Mini Practice
Find the adjective: “The hungry boy ate the delicious pizza.”
✅ Answer: hungry, delicious
6. Adverbs – Words that Describe Verbs
Adverbs give more info about how, when, or where an action happens. They often end in -ly
📌 Rule: Most adverbs describe how an action is done.
Examples:
➔ He speaks slowly. (How he speaks)
➔ I will call you later. (When I will call)
➔ She is very kind. (Describing another adjective)
✏️ Mini Practice
Find the adverb: “The rain fell heavily last night.”
✅ Answer: heavily (last night is also an adverbial phrase of time)
7. Prepositions – Relationship Words
Prepositions show the relationship between a noun and the rest of the sentence, usually regarding time or space.
📌 Rule: Prepositions act like “connectors” to show where or when something is.
Examples:
➔ The keys are on the table. (Location)
➔ We meet at 5:00 PM. (Time)
➔ The cat is hiding under the bed. (Position)
✏️ Mini Practice
Fill in: “The book is _ my bag.”
✅ Answer: in (inside)
8. Conjunctions – Connecting Words
Conjunctions (like and, but, because) join words or parts of a sentence together to make them flow better.
📌 Rule: Use conjunctions to turn two short sentences into one smooth one.
Examples:
➔ I like tea and coffee. (Joining two things)
➔ He was tired, but he kept working. (Showing contrast)
➔ She stayed home because it was raining. (Showing reason)
✏️ Mini Practice
Choose the best word: “Do you want tea _ juice?”
✅ Answer: or
9. Interjections – Words of Emotion
Interjections are short words used to express sudden feelings or emotions like surprise, pain, or joy.
📌 Rule: Interjections are often followed by an exclamation mark (!).
Examples:
➔ Wow! That view is amazing. (Surprise/Wonder)
➔ Ouch! That bee stung me. (Pain)
➔ Hey! Look over here. (Calling attention)
✏️ Mini Practice
Which word is the interjection? “Yay! We won the game.”
✅ Answer: Yay!